Pyyan / Compare / Vespa vs Qdrant vs Pinecone vs Milvus
Vespa vs Qdrant vs Pinecone vs Milvus
4 of 5Vector Databases · verified 13 Aug 2026
| Specification | Vespa | Qdrant | Pinecone | Milvus |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summary | Search engine first, vector store second. | The fastest of the purpose-built stores. | Managed, and the smoothest to operate. | Built for billions of vectors. |
| Index | HNSW plus inverted | HNSW | Proprietary | HNSW, IVF, DiskANN, GPU |
| Hybrid search | Yes, native | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Hosting | Self-host and managed | Self-host and managed | Managed only | Self-host and managed |
| Licence | Apache 2.0 | Apache 2.0 | Proprietary | Apache 2.0 |
| p50 latency | ~10ms | 4ms | <10ms | ~10ms |
| Category | Vector Databases | Vector Databases | Vector Databases | Vector Databases |
| Official | Vespa.ai ↗ | Qdrant ↗ | Pinecone ↗ | Zilliz ↗ |
Highlighted rows are where these differ.
Vespa
- Yahoo's engine, open sourced; runs enormous production workloads
- Steep learning curve, unmatched ranking control
Best for complex ranking at very large scale.
Qdrant
- Written in Rust; 10 to 25% faster than Weaviate or Milvus on common workloads
- Strong filtering alongside vector search
- Self-host or managed, same engine
Best for latency-sensitive retrieval.
Pinecone
- Sub-10ms p50 with nothing to maintain
- Costs draw scrutiny at scale; Notion moved away and cut spend ~60%
Best for teams who do not want to run a database.
Milvus
- Distributed architecture with GPU index support
- Heavier to operate than the alternatives
Best for very large corpora.